What is the purpose of a line reactor in an electrical system?

A line reactor is primarily used in electrical systems to limit current and smooth voltage spikes. This function is crucial for protecting sensitive equipment from high inrush currents during startup and mitigating harmonics that can lead to voltage distortion. By providing a degree of impedance in the circuit, line reactors help to absorb transient voltage levels, thereby reducing the risk of damage to motors and other connected devices.

Additionally, line reactors can improve the overall power quality by minimizing the impact of sudden load changes, which can result in voltage swings and electrical noise. This characteristic makes them beneficial for systems that rely on variable frequency drives (VFDs) or other equipment that may create sharp voltage fluctuations.

The other options describe functions that do not align with the primary purpose of a line reactor. For instance, increasing voltage pertains more to transformers, while energy storage is typically associated with devices like capacitors or batteries. Converting AC to DC is the function of rectifiers, not line reactors. Thus, the role of a line reactor as a means to limit current and smooth voltage spikes is a vital aspect of maintaining stability and protecting electrical systems.