What is the role of an electrical relay?

The role of an electrical relay is to function as a switch that controls a circuit using an electromagnet. When a small current passes through the relay's coil, it generates a magnetic field that actuates the switch, either closing or opening a circuit. This allows the relay to control a larger voltage or current circuit without direct mechanical contact, providing isolation and protection for sensitive components. Relays are widely used in various applications, such as in automotive systems, industrial machinery, and home appliances, where automation and control of electrical devices are necessary.

This mechanism enables relays to facilitate complex control operations, such as turning on multiple devices simultaneously or integrating safety features with low-power control signals. Thus, the fundamental principle of a relay's operation is rooted in its ability to function as a remote switch driven by electromagnetic force.